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What Are the Metrics for an Energy Performance Certificate?

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) evaluates the energy efficiency of a property using several key metrics. These metrics help homeowners, landlords, and tenants understand how much energy a property consumes and what can be done to improve its performance.

Whether you’re applying for a Residential EPC or a Same-Day EPC, here’s what your EPC will measure:


🔢 1. Energy Efficiency Rating (A–G)

The primary EPC metric is a color-coded scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). This rating is based on how efficiently your property uses energy for heating, lighting, and hot water.


💷 2. Estimated Energy Costs

The EPC provides:

  • Current energy costs per year

  • Potential savings if recommended improvements are made

This helps buyers and tenants budget for energy bills and evaluate energy-saving opportunities.


🌱 3. Environmental Impact (CO₂ Emissions)

An EPC also calculates your property’s carbon dioxide emissions. It shows:

  • Current CO₂ output (kg/m² per year)

  • Potential reduction with efficiency upgrades


🏡 4. Property Characteristics

Assessors document:

  • Property type and floor area

  • Heating systems and insulation

  • Glazing, walls, roof, and floor type

These details affect the EPC score and are used to generate improvement recommendations.


🛠️ 5. Recommended Improvements

Each EPC includes a list of energy-saving upgrades, such as:

  • Installing loft or cavity wall insulation

  • Upgrading to a condensing boiler

  • Replacing single-glazed windows

These are ranked by potential savings and effectiveness.


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